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lantern. No. 31.713. y l .Patented March I9. 18.61.

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ELIAS J. HALE, OF FOXCROFT, MAINE.

LANTERN.

Speccaton of Letters Patent No. 31,713, dated March 19, 1861.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELIAS J. HALE, of Foxcroft, in the county of Piscataquis and State of Maine, have invented a `new and useful improvement in lanterns whose lamps are intended for producing light by the inflammation of kerosene or other hydrocarbon liquids rich in carbon; and I do hereby declare that the same is fully described in the following specification and represented in the accompanying drawings," of which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of a lantern provided with my invention. Fig. 2 is a side View of its lamp as detached from the body of the lantern.

In the drawings, A exhibits the lamp, and B the lantern case. This lamp is such as is in common use for burning coal oil, it being provided with a deflector or cone a, a perforated deflector supporter ZJ, and a chimney c. The wick tube CZ has a wick holder c and is movable thereon and on the wick, its movements being effected by a cranked shaft f and a connecting link or rod g, arranged as shown in Fig. 1. On the outer end of this shaft is an arm Zz, on which is hooked the end of a pitman or rod z'. This rod z' is arn ranged' with respect to the lamp in such manner as to extend downward alongside of it and through its part 7c, so as to enable a person, while the lamp is in place within the lantern case to lay hold of the pitman at its lower end or part projecting through the base and move such pitman so as to produce the rotary motion of the shaft f, such as may be required to elevate or depress the wick tube to the extent that may be necessary. Thus by the arrangement of the pitman the wick tube can be adjusted on the wick when the lamp is in the lantern case and without the necessity of rst taking the lamp out of the case.

The lamp, like others for burning kerosene or other hydro-carbons rich in carbon, is provided with a chimney c, whose holder n is sustained'by the deflector supporter Z), the former being applied to the latter in such manner as to be readily removable from it. They may be connected by what is termed a bayonet connection. There is applied to this chimney holder n, and so as to extend therefrom as shown in Fig. 1, an annular plate or flat ring Z, it being arranged above the perforated or foraminous sides of the cone supporter and so extended toward the lantern case as to leave a narrow annular air space or passage m between them, such space being suiiiciently large to allow of the necessary draft of air through the lantern case. From the outer periphery of this annulus Z a cylindrical case or circular partition o is extended downward and so as to circumscribe the oil reservoir of the lamp and terminate a short distance above its bottom as shown in Fig. 1, an air passage being formed between the lamp and the part 0. Air inlets or holes are made through the bottom of the lamp as well as through the lower part of the lantern case as shown at 2% 79, and Q, 1-

The upper part of the lantern case terminates in a perforated or foraminous conicalA cap r, to which the handle s is affixed. The sides of this cap are perforated with numerous small holes each having a diameter of about one sixteenth of an inch. I make each with a punch such as will produce a perforation and leave the metal in which it is formed bulged or pressed up, like the frustum of a cone, the perforation being at the apex of the frustum. These conical frusta should project from the outer surface of the cone or cap r. This cap 0", so constructed, is designed to be used with a lamp of the above description and its glass chimney, for it is to these only that it is specially applicable and operates to produce the benecial effects of preventing air from passing or being blown down into the Vlantern and the chimney so as to occasion either flickering or smoking of the flame. The top of the chimney extends up near to or a little distance into the conical cap.

When a lantern is carried or swung in the hand of a person, its motion in the air is such as to produce a tendency of aerial currents to pass into its perforated cap,

which in ordinary lanterns is so formed as to readily admit such. The conical cap adopted by me and having each of its perforations at the apeX of a conic frustum projecting beyond the outer surface of the body of the cap serves under such circumstances, as well as when a current of air may be blowing laterally against it, to so defiect the air upward as to prevent any material portion of it from passing into the cap and chimney.

The purpose of the cylindrical case o and the a-nnulus Z is to prevent smoking of the flame of the wick when the lantern is suddenly moved either upward or downward.'

IOO

It is well known that lamps while burning coal oil are specially liable to smoke when being moved in air. For this reason, it has been found very difficult to employ a coal oil lamp in a lantern, for, notwithstanding the lantern case does in a measure protect the lamp from the injurious action of aerial currents, it has not been effective in preventing smoking and flickering of the flame of the wick of the lamp. The smoking of the flame by soiling the chimney soon materially impairs the light. giving or illuminating property of the lantern.

My improvements are designed to render a coal oil lamp useful in a lantern and are particularly applicable to such a lamp to which a chimney, an air delector or cone, and its foraminous supporter (or their equivalents) are essential elements or parts. Experience has demonstrated that the addition of the lamp circumscribing partition 0 to the annulus Z causes the lamp to operate to better advantage or to have less smoking or flickering of the flame than when the said annulus Z is employed Without the said part 0. The rod z' is arranged between the lamp and the lantern case and projects out of the lantern and through the base of the lamp.

I do not claim in a coal oil lantern a perforated cap arranged over the upper end of the chimney of the lamp of such lantern, but

I claim l. The foraminous conical cap, 9", made with its holes in conical frusta arranged so as to project from the outer surface of the cap as described in combination with the coal oil lamp, its chimney and the lantern case arranged together substantially as described.

2. The application of the parts 0, Z, to and their arrangement with the chimney supporter n, when separate from and supported by the deflector supporter substantially as described.

ELIAS J. HALE. Witnesses:

CHAS. H. CHANDLER, AUGUSTUS HALE. 

